Abstract: An autonomous robotic vehicle system is developed using the ESP32 microcontroller to enable intelligent, sensor-based navigation without human intervention. This smart vehicle is designed to detect obstacles, make real-time decisions, and navigate automatically based on sensor input. The system integrates various components such as ultrasonic sensors, IR sensors, and a motor driver module to control motion and avoid collisions.

The ESP32 processes the sensor data and sends control signals to drive the motors through the L298N motor driver. It also supports IoT capabilities by transmitting data wirelessly for remote monitoring and control. A GPS module is incorporated for real-time location tracking, enhancing the system's mobility features. Power is supplied via a rechargeable battery, enabling wireless and portable operation.

Additionally, automation features such as obstacle detection, motor control, and potential wireless communication make this system scalable for integration with future technologies like AI and cloud-based navigation.

Keywords: Autonomous Vehicle, ESP32, Ultrasonic Sensor, IR Sensor, Motor Driver, GPS Module, IoT, Obstacle Avoidance, Smart Navigation

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2026.14373