Abstract

Abstract: Electric Vehicle (EV) brings zero emission concepts as positive result of electric motor propulsion system. Zero emission concepts can not only be applicable to a built in EV but also in converting a fossil fuelled vehicle into its electric version. Brush Less DC motor (BLDC) have been demanding as in-wheel motor in EV because of its high efficiency, desired torque versus speed characteristics, high power density and low maintenance cost. The major disadvantages voiced by the existing system are the charging woes, travelling range, overloaded batteries, lack of power, pollution. To tackle theses disadvantages so as to improve the driving range of EV along with efficient usage of energy a creative supervisory energy management strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS) comprising of battery and super capacitor is proposed. Moreover a new Regenerative Braking System (RBS) is incorporated for a two-wheel EV with HESS driven by BLDC motor. The BLDC motor control is utilized with the traditional Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller while the distribution of braking force is determined with the fuzzy logic control. In this paper the battery state of charge, super capacitor state of charge, braking force and dc bus current are analyzed. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of proposed system and all the results are validated.

Keywords: Brush Less DC (BLDC) motor; Electric Vehicle (EV); Hybrid Energy Storage System (HESS); Regenerative Braking System (RBS)

Abstract: This paper proposes a dual boost micro inverter configuration with an efficient and simple Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technique for eliminating the problems of drift phenomenon. With this scheme, the PV module is connected to a dc-dc converter and a dc-ac inverter stage before being connected to the grid. These two converter stages are tucked in for boosting up the efficiency of the PV panel to around 20 percentages than in the conventional configuration. The solar tracker incorporates a modified Perturb and Observe (P&O) MPPT algorithm for a double check in the efficiency of the overall system. Simulation is provided to validate the proposed configuration.

Keywords: Photovoltaic micro inverter, boost converter, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), PV panel, single-stage boost conversion, double-stage boost conversion

Abstract: A movable bridge or drawbridge is a type of bridge that can be raised to allow the smooth passage of boats or ships beneath it. In this paper a fully automated bridge is proposed by using microcontroller and PLC thereby replacing the manual system which is currently used. The idea is to automate the process of ship detection, opening or closing of the bridge, controlling the signals and road barriers.

Keywords: PLC module, drawbridge, Johnsons motor, Ladder Logic

Abstract: The Public Distribution System (PDS), established by the Government of India under Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food, and Public Distribution to distribute grocery items to poor people at fair price is facing significant threats to its very existence. These threats starts from the basic issues of renewing the ration card every year which has to be done manually by the employees to the malpractices done by the ration store dealers like diverting food grains to open market to make profits. There is another problem of irregularity in opening shops and false announcements of deficit in food grains. Hence through this paper the idea is to completely automate the rationing system. For simplicity, it is better to implement an embedded system for the same. In the proposed system, the advanced ARM8 (Advanced RISC Machine) processor is used and it is the heart of the system that controls all sub systems like sensor modules, database systems, connected across it. The user authentication is provided by smart card (RFID card). The Customer/ user can access his/her ration through this diverse smart card.

Keywords: ARM8 Processor, Public Distribution System, RFID card

Abstract: Access control has been a great concern in the information and communication era. In this proposed system we try to reinforce the security of conventional ATM models by using password authentication method combined with biometric identification technology. Biometric refers to automatic identification of a person based on his/her physiological characteristics. Biometric introduces its own challenges such as being irreplaceable once compromised. Biometric authentication is achieved by capturing the fingerprint and facial features of the client. Then the system will check for user’s identity. If it finds valid, the ATM machine will ask the customer for 4 digit code. The 4 digit code is automatically generated by the system as OTP which is sent to the customer’s registered mobile number. Here the customer has to enter this code. The system checks for the validity of the code. If it is found valid bank transaction starts and the customer is able to access his account. Provisions are also included for securing the ATM terminal from fire and theft attacks.

Keywords: ATM machine, Authentication, OTP, Biometric

Abstract: India generates about 60 million tons of trash everyyear.10 million tons of garbage is generated in just the metropolitan cities! Waste is a major environmental problem in all over the world. With increasing population and advancement in science and technology, natural resources are also exploited. As a developing country, one of the major crisis faced by India is waste management. India generates about60 million tons of waste every year. Increasing population and advancement in science and technology has begun to exploit the natural resources also. Nowadays an emphasis is given on waste management .Rather than managing waste, we should be looking forward for innovative methods to depose and recycle waste. Even though solid waste is being recycled in various methods, organic waste is still a question mark. When organic waste is dumped in landfill, it undergoes anaerobic decomposition and generates methane, which is a 25 times more potent greenhouse gas than carbon dioxide. Our project is simply a implementation of burning organic waste using incinerator and transforming the heat produced into voltage. Conversion of heat to electricity is carried out by thermoelectric generator.

Keywords: Incineration, Arduino Microcontroller, Step up Booster, Thermoelectric Generator