Abstract: In recent days the Photovoltaic (PV) systems have been acknowledged as a key source of renewable energy. The amount of solar irradiation and cell operating temperature affect the electricity generated by the PV system due to the unpredictable fluctuations in environmental patterns. As a result, the grid-integrated PV system was proposed in this paper in order to extract maximum power from the PV array in order to meet load requirements, also supplying surplus electricity to the AC grid. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of the non-uniformly irradiated PV array, conversion efficiency maximization, and grid synchronization are the major design goals. This paper explores new MPPT control algorithms using the modified incremental conductance approach, which improves the performance and reduces the error, allowing for more efficient power extraction from solar arrays. In addition, network stability, power quality, and grid synchronization functionalities for PV grid-connected systems are implemented. The control of the voltage source converter was designed in such a way that PV power generated is synchronous to the grid. The typical waveforms of grid voltage, grid current and harmonics of grid current are carried out on a 100kW photovoltaic inverter, which will provide some guidelines in order to analyse, design and implement.
In Matlab/Simulink, modelling of various controllers was carried out to obtain improved efficient power extraction, grid synchronization, and minimal performance loss owing to dynamic tracking errors, especially under fast-changing irradiation. Variation in atmospheric condition was simulated, by gradually varying the different parameters like irradiation and temperature of PV module in order to verify the performance of the proposed Incremental Conductance (INC) algorithm, and different controllers of the converters. The performance of the proposed system is obtained satisfactorily and matches closely to the theoretical values. The over efficiency of the proposed system obtained is 98%-99% and the THD levels is less than 1.5% which meets the requisite standards to integrate PV systems into grid.

Keywords: Photovoltaic (PV), Incremental Conductance (INC), Maximum Power Point Tracking(MPPT), Voltage Source Inverter(VSI), Proportional Integral Derivative (PID), Phase Locked Loop (PLL), Synchronous Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), Voltage source Inverter (VSI), Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

| DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2021.9636