Abstract: Smart renewable energy systems are no longer installed only as separate technical equipment; they are increasingly built into roofs, facades, farms, public spaces, and community networks. This review discusses how monitoring systems can support such landscape-integrated generations. It draws together work on IoT sensing, embedded controllers, communication links, edge-cloud platforms, energy management, BIPV, agrivoltaics, digital twins, predictive maintenance, and cybersecurity. Most studies show that present systems can record electrical and environmental data reliably and can provide dashboards or alarms. The weaker point is that many designs still ignore the setting in which the system operates. Shading, access, appearance, crop response, user confidence, and maintenance routes all influence long-term performance. The review therefore proposes a context-aware monitoring framework built around dependable sensing, edge processing, flexible communication, secure data handling, user-specific dashboards, and gradual lifecycle intelligence.

Keywords: Renewables; Internet of Things; Building-Integrated Photovoltaics; Agrivoltaics; Cybersecurity

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2026.14518