IoT-Based Anti-Poaching Alarm System for Forest Conservation

Abstract: Illegal logging and deforestation represent significant threats to global biodiversity, ecological stability, and climate regulation. Traditional forest surveillance methods are often ineffective due to resource constraints and the expansive nature of forested areas. This paper presents an innovative IoT-based anti-poaching alarm system specifically designed to effectively combat illegal logging activities. Leveraging advanced sensors such as tilt sensors, flame sensors, sound sensors, and environmental monitoring modules (DHT11), integrated with ESP32 microcontrollers and Wi-Fi modules, the system ensures real-time detection and alerts of suspicious activities. The sensors trigger alarms or activate preventative measures like water pumps in case of detected threats like fires or illegal logging sounds. Data from these sensors is continuously collected and transmitted via Wi-Fi to a central monitoring station using the ThingSpeak IoT platform, enabling rapid intervention by forest authorities. This automation significantly enhances the efficiency and scalability of forest protection measures, reduces the dependency on human patrols, and provides comprehensive real-time monitoring. Implementation results demonstrate the system's effectiveness in promptly alerting authorities, thereby facilitating swift responses to illegal activities or environmental hazards. Ultimately, the system promotes sustainable forest conservation through technologically advanced methods.

Keywords: IoT, anti-poaching, forest conservation, sensors, ESP32