Intelligent Bus Monitoring and Alert System Based on IoT

Abstract: In the era of smart transportation, ensuring the safety, efficiency, and accountability of public transit systems has become a critical challenge. This project introduces an Intelligent Bus Monitoring and Alert System that leverages advanced Internet of Things (IoT) technologies to provide real-time surveillance, a anomaly detection, and automated alerting for public buses. The system is designed to address key issues such as unauthorized access, route deviations, overcrowding, and emergency response delays— common problems in conventional bus operations. The proposed solution integrates multiple sensors including GPS modules for location tracking, infrared (IR)sensors for passenger movement detection, and vibration sensors for accident or tampering detection. These sensors are interfaced with a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, which performs edge-level data processing and communicates with a cloud-based dashboard for centralized monitoring. In case of any irregular activity—such as a sudden stop, excessive vibration, or deviation from the assigned route.

The architecture supports scalability, low power consumption, and modular integration with existing fleet management systems. It also enables remote diagnostics, data logging, and predictive analytics for maintenance and operational optimization. Experimental Simulations demonstrate the system’s ability to detect anomalies with high accuracy, minimize false positives, and maintain robust performance under varied environmental and traffic conditions.