Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Vehicular Application

Abstract: In this paper, a frequency reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is designed with microstrip feeding technique. A stepped rectangular patch antenna having partial ground loaded with parasitic element is analysed in this article. The Proposed antenna is connected to a PIN diode on the flip side of the structure that is in between the parasitic element and the partial ground (DGS- Defective Ground Structure), the two cases ON, OFF are studied and analysed. In the ON case antenna works at (1.95GHz-2.27GHz,2.71GHz-3.2GHz,3.9GHz-4.1GHz,4.9-5.9GHz). In the OFF case antenna works at (1.3GHz-9.07GHz). The maximum gain of 3 dB is observed at 3.4GHz frequency in OFF case and the maximum gain of 4.4 dB is observed at 9 GHz frequency in ON case. In the ON case the efficiency of the antenna is 51.23% and in OFF case the efficiency of the antenna is 89.05%. In the ON case the maximum return loss is -43dB at 5.3GHz and in OFF case the return loss is -30dB at 8.2GHz. The proposed antenna Return loss, gain, E-Field, Current distribution and radiation patterns have been analysed using HFSS in this article.

Keywords: Stepped rectangular patch, PIN diode, Parasitic element, DGS.