Abstract: Biochips are compact, highly sophisticated analytical devices that function as miniaturized laboratories, capable of performing numerous biochemical reactions simultaneously on a single platform. These systems represent a groundbreaking convergence of electrical engineering and biotechnology, enabling rapid and precise analysis of biological samples. Through the integration of microelectronics, sensors, and microfluidic technology, biochips offer powerful tools for applications such as disease diagnosis, drug discovery, genetic screening, and forensic analysis.
At the core of biochip technology is the ability to detect and process minute quantities of biological material with high accuracy and speed. This functionality is achieved by combining biological recognition elements with electronic components that interpret biochemical interactions in real time. By miniaturizing laboratory functions onto a chip, biochips significantly reduce analysis time, reagent consumption, and costs, making them ideal for point-of-care testing and personalized medicine.
This paper explores the fundamental principles behind biochip operation, including their structural design, the working mechanisms of integrated biosensors, and the role of microfluidic networks in sample manipulation. In addition, the paper examines current technological advancements, diverse applications in various sectors, and the advantages and limitations of biochip deployment. Special focus is given to the interdisciplinary collaboration that drives this innovation and to the expanding potential of biochips in future healthcare solutions, particularly in remote diagnostics and real-time health monitoring systems.
Keywords: Biochip Microfluidics, DNA ANALSIS Biomedical devices
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