The global agricultural sector faces an unprecedented dual challenge: meeting the food demands of a rapidly growing global population, expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, while simultaneously operating under immense pressure from climate change, resource scarcity (especially water), and the need for greater environmental sustainability. Traditional farming methods, often characterized by blanket treatments of fertilizers and pesticides, are proving increasingly inefficient and environmentally costly. This context has driven a paradigm shift toward Precision Agriculture (PA), and at the heart of this transformation lies Artificial Intelligence (AI).

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2025.131009