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VOLUME 3, ISSUE 7, JULY 2015
Output Power Ramp-Rate Control of a Grid-Connected PV Generator using Energy Storage System
Mahmood Reaz Sunny, Nabid Faiem
Evaluation of leaf chlorophyll content by a non-invasive approach
V. Padmaja, Mr. Amar Kumar Dey
Developing Islanding Detection Arrangement for Grid on Sensing Voltage or Frequency Variation
Mr. Ajit S Gaikwad, Mr. Ch. Malla Reddy, Pravin S Gulhane
Zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching dc-dc converter with active clamping technique
J.Sivavara Prasad, Y.P.Obulesh, Ch.Sai Babu
Study of VHF Active Phased Array Wind Profiler Radar Control Switches
Saikat Banerjee, Samaresh Bhattacharjee, Chandra Sekhar Nandi
Implementation of different wavelet transforms and threshold combinations for ECG De-noising
Kandarpa.S.V.S.Sriharsha, Akhila John
Improving the efficiency of solar photo voltaic system using organic solar cell and fuzzy logic based tilted panel sun tracking system
Alka, Bipul Kumar, Amita Singh, Manju Sharma
Improvement of Transient Stability in a Three-Machine Power System by using Neuro-Fuzzy Controller
Ansar Shaik Satuluru, G. Gurumurthy
RF based Remote Control for Home Electrical Appliances
N K Kaphungkui
Performance of Circular Patch Antenna for Different Substrate Materials using HFSS
Avinash S.D.V.N, Bhagyasri N, Dileep P, Nikhitha P, Phaneendra k, Sruthi B, Anusha L.V.S, Siddaiah P
Interphase ac-ac Converter Topology for DVR to Mitigate Voltage Sags
M Sree Harsha, B S Mahmed Shaheer, A. Venkateshwar Reddy
Controlling of Fast dynamic DC/DC Buck Converter
P. Deepak Reddy, Dr.Basavaraja Banakara
Fixed Frequency Sliding Mode Controller for Direct Driven Wind Energy Conversion System
K.Rama Lingeswara Prasad, Dr.K.Chandra Sekhar
Comparison of Control Strategies for Shunt Active Power Filter under Different Load Conditions
Sanjay C. Patel, Tushar A. Patel
Stability Analysis and Delay-dependent robust load frequency control for time delay power systems
T.Swetha, K.Dinesh Kumar Reddy, A.Venkateswara Reddy
Analysis of Stability and Sensitivity of LFC-DR Model for Single Area Power System
I.Supraja, N G V. Satya kumar, A. Venkateswara Reddy, Karanam Shobharani
Design and Analysis of End- Coupler, Half Wavelength Resonator Microstrip Line Band Pass Filter
Kavya Gupta, Navita Singh, Arun Kumar
Comparative Performance Analysis of M-ARY PSK Based Modulation Technique under AWGN Channel using Simulink
Aakash Agrawal, Mr J S Yadav
A review on multiple Watermarking techniques in digital photography for Image authentication and encryption
Mukesh Kumar Tripathi, Pradeep Kumar Nathaney, Vinith Chauhan
A Fuzzy Based Routing Strategy for Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET)
Preeti singh, Vivek kukreja, Preeti Arora, Prince Hooda
Ripple Reduction of BLDC using Direct Torque Control
D. Sivaraj, R.Goutham Govind Raju, S.Anandakumar, L.Selvakumar
A novel approach of Image steganography-hiding the confidential data into an image
Preeti Singh, Dinesh kumar Dhaka
Detection of Potentially Suspicious Person on Real-Time Basis Using Embedded Platform
Sai Prabhu K.B, Seema Sreekumar
Performance Analysis of Energy Detection Technique for Cognitive Radio Over Different Fading Channels
Miss. Reena P. Borole, Prof. A. S. Bhide
Circularly Polarized Dual Frequency Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-band Applications
Y. Laxmi Lavanya, P.Siddaiah
Spectrum Aware Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Network using the concepts of TDMA
Preeti Dubey, Seema Sharma, Dr SPS Saini, Vivek Kukreja
A Comparison Study of MPPT Techniques for Solar Photovoltaic System under Varying Atmospheric Condition
Mr. Nandaraja H Shadlageri, Dr. D. Sathyanarayana
Harmonic Mitigation using Hybrid Filters
B.Suresh Kumar, K.Sireesha, B.Rashmi
Extraction of Respiratory Signal from ECG using Empirical Mode Decomposition
Mayur M Gavali, Prof D.E Upasani
Unified control system in power plant – TCE approach for implementation in Indian context
Mr. K.Jayaprakash, Ms. M.Rukmani
Security System Design Based on Human Face Detection and Recognition on Android Platform
Sheshmal S. Shingne, V. Krishnamurthy
Implementation of Sinusoidal PWM Technique for direct AC-AC Matrix Converter using Matlab
Gholam Reza Yarahmadi, Peyman Mirzaei Pour
Implementation of Area, Delay and Power Efficient Carry-Select Adder
Priya H. Agrawal, Prashant R. Rothe
Control Industrial Application using Multi-Microcontroller Communication
Surendra Kumar Daiya, Rakesh Khandelwal, Rajni Jainwal, Manmohan Singh Chandoliya
Queuing Disciplines for VoIP and High Resolution Video Application Services Using OPNET Tool
D.Thiyaharajan, Suresh. R, K.Balasundaram
Abstract
Output Power Ramp-Rate Control of a Grid-Connected PV Generator using Energy Storage System
Mahmood Reaz Sunny, Nabid Faiem
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3701
Abstract: Output power of a photovoltaic (PV) generator depends mainly on incident solar irradiance on the PV modules. Due to moving clouds in the sky, the incident solar irradiance on the PV modules fluctuate frequently. As a result, output power from PV generator also fluctuates. Rapid changes in PV generated power can cause serious problems for relatively small electricity networks with high penetrations of PV generation. Energy storage systems can be used to balance the fluctuations in PV generated output power, thus ensuring a smooth supply of power to the grid. The grid-connected solar PV research power plant equipped with climatic and electric measurement systems in Tampere University of Technology is used to analyse fluctuations in PV generator output power. Different aspects of energy storage utilization have been considered to control the ramp-rate of PV generated output power.
Keywords: Energy storage, irradiance transition, power fluctuation, PV system.
Keywords: Energy storage, irradiance transition, power fluctuation, PV system.
Abstract
Evaluation of leaf chlorophyll content by a non-invasive approach
V. Padmaja, Mr. Amar Kumar Dey
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3702
Abstract: Leaf chlorophyll is the most photochemically active compound present in the plant cells, which plays an important role in the process of photosynthesis by capturing light energy and converts it into chemical energy. Health status and nitrogen content in the plant can be determined by chlorophyll concentration, so a rapid image processing method has been proposed to measure the chlorophyll. The spectral properties of an image like Hue, Saturation and Intensity are modeled as linear correlation functions for chlorophyll content. A significant correlation was observed between the predicted chlorophyll by model and chlorophyll content measured by atLEAF meter. The value of R2 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) between the observed and estimated chlorophyll content was 0.95 and 2.045 respectively.
Keywords: Image analysis, RGB model, HSI model, hsi model, chlorophyll content, atLEAF meter, RMSE.
Keywords: Image analysis, RGB model, HSI model, hsi model, chlorophyll content, atLEAF meter, RMSE.
Abstract
Developing Islanding Detection Arrangement for Grid on Sensing Voltage or Frequency Variation
Mr. Ajit S Gaikwad, Mr. Ch. Malla Reddy, Pravin S Gulhane
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3703
Abstract: As distributed generators increase their importance on the electric power system, more and more parameters have to be controlled in order to assure the proper operation of the utility. One of the main problems encountered with this kind of generation is the potential formation of islands which could keep working in a normal way even if the utility grid has failed. There are several power generation units connected to the grid such as hydel, thermal, solar etc to supply power to the load. These generating units need to supply power according to the rules of the grid. These rules involve maintaining a voltage variation within limits and also the frequency. As per CENTRAL ELECTRICTY AUTHORITY OF INDIA Regulations 2010, variation of the system voltage should be of +- 5 % and make all efforts to operate at a frequency close to 50 Hz and shall not allow it to go beyond the range 49.2 to 50.3 Hz or a narrower frequency band specified in the Grid Code, except during the transient period following tripping. If any deviation from the acceptable limit of the grid it is mandatory that the same feeder should automatically get disconnected from the grid which by effect is termed as islanding. This prevents in large scale brown out or black out of the grid power. So it is preferable to have a system which can warn the grid in advance so that alternate arrangements are kept on standby to avoid complete grid failure. A large number of methods for detecting the islanding condition are used. Requirements for the performance of these methods have been spelled out by the International Electro technical Commission (IEC), the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (UL), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and several other ―National Standards‖. Currently, the anti-islanding methods are clearly grouped into three categories as a function of their operating mode. These three categories are: • Passive methods resident in the grid tied inverter.
• Active methods resident in the grid tied inverter.
• Methods not resident in the DG but communicating the DG and the utility.
The paper is based on passive method to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage.
Keywords: Islanding, Grid, voltage variation, frequency variation, Active method, Passive method.
• Active methods resident in the grid tied inverter.
• Methods not resident in the DG but communicating the DG and the utility.
The paper is based on passive method to detect the synchronization failure of any external supply source to the power grid on sensing the abnormalities in frequency and voltage.
Keywords: Islanding, Grid, voltage variation, frequency variation, Active method, Passive method.
Abstract
Zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching dc-dc converter with active clamping technique
J.Sivavara Prasad, Y.P.Obulesh, Ch.Sai Babu
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3704
Abstract: The zero voltage and zero current switching dc-dc converter with active clamping technique is proposed. By adding a secondary active clamp and controlling the clamp switch moderately, ZVS (for leading leg switches) and ZCS (for lagging leg switches) are achieved without any lossy components, the reverse avalanche break down of leading-leg IGHTs or the saturable reactor in the primary. Many advantages including simple circuit topology, high efficiency, and low cost make the new converter attractive for high voltage and high power (> 10 kW) applications. The principle of operation is explained and analyzed. The features and design considerations of the new converter are also illustrated and verified on an 1.8 kW, 100 kHz IGBT based simulation circuit.
Keywords: IGBT, ZVS, ZCS, ZVZCS-FB-PWM.
Keywords: IGBT, ZVS, ZCS, ZVZCS-FB-PWM.
Abstract
Study of VHF Active Phased Array Wind Profiler Radar Control Switches
Saikat Banerjee, Samaresh Bhattacharjee, Chandra Sekhar Nandi
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3705
Abstract: Wind Profiler RADARS are playing an important role in 3-D mapping of the atmospheric winds. Earlier, various RADARS are located around the globe and studied well the meteorology of their geographic locations. As Manora Peak (29.4o N; 79.2o E; 1958 m amsl), ARIES ST RADAR (ASTRAD) is a high altitude site in the central Himalaya and having peculiar topography. Therefore, a wind profiler is installed to study the meteorology over the central Himalaya. This profiler is a unique facility in the central Himalaya, because it is an Active Phased Array radar i.e. each transmitter and receiver (transceiver) functions are composed of numerous small solid-state transmit-receive modules (TRMs) and also each transceiver has individual power supply. It have 588 antennas with operating frequency is 206.5 MHz. It can measure the vertical profile of the wind velocity up to 20 km above ground level (AGL) in the atmosphere. It has 588 TRM connected with same array of antenna. Individual 588 TRM have different kind of switches, these switches are the heart of the VHF radar. Because without these switches the TRM cannot operates the radar. So, this paper deals with the basic description of switches and how these switches are work for VHF Active Phased Array radar which is developed at ARIES ST RADAR (ASTRAD).
Keywords: Wind Profile RADAR, 3-D MAPPING, ASTRAD, AGL, TRM.
Keywords: Wind Profile RADAR, 3-D MAPPING, ASTRAD, AGL, TRM.
Abstract
Implementation of different wavelet transforms and threshold combinations for ECG De-noising
Kandarpa.S.V.S.Sriharsha, Akhila John
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3706
Abstract: An Electro Cardiogram is the observation and recording of electrical information in the heart. Technological developments in the medical industry and non-aggressive monitoring of critical biological functions is an important need to provide appropriate care to patients and leads to their improved health. ECG signal analysis has been in use for a long time for cardiac problems. Technological advancements made the ECG observation quite easy but quite often, they get corrupted by different type of noises. Hence De-noising of ECG signal has gained a lot of importance. This paper deals with de-noising of three majorly encountered ECG disturbances viz. Power Line Interference, Wide Band Stochastic noise (EMG noise) and Base Line Wander noise. The De-noising is performed using various wavelet Transform techniques applying different types of threshold functions. Performance is measured using SNR and MSE and optimized combinations of Wavelet with a Threshold functions for different noises are suggested. The analysis is also done on real ECG signals obtained from Physionet medical database.
Keywords: Electro Cardiogram (ECG), Power Line interference, Electromyography (EMG) noise, Base line wander noise, Wavelet Transform, Signal to Noise ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Physionet.
Keywords: Electro Cardiogram (ECG), Power Line interference, Electromyography (EMG) noise, Base line wander noise, Wavelet Transform, Signal to Noise ratio (SNR), Mean Square Error (MSE), Physionet.
Abstract
Improving the efficiency of solar photo voltaic system using organic solar cell and fuzzy logic based tilted panel sun tracking system
Alka, Bipul Kumar, Amita Singh, Manju Sharma
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3707
Abstract: Organic solar cells (OSC) represent a young photovoltaic technology that uses organic semiconductor materials to convert sunlight into electricity. These materials can be deposited at low temperatures in a continuous process on flexible substrates, enabling a very high throughput. As a consequence the production costs are dominated by the material costs. The technology used for the manufacture of solar cells is predominantly silicon based an inorganic material. The semiconductor industry developed a deep understanding of the properties of this material, allowing for an easy transfer for use in the solar cell as a solar cell practically mimics the operation of a semiconductor wafer, in that it allows for the transport of an electric current. In this paper a program is written in C++ to estimate the solar radiation in different areas and calculate the total power which can be generated through the solar energy. It also calculates the angle at which the solar panel is fixed to trap maximum solar radiation. Then a fuzzy logic based C++ program is written to track the solar panel by sensing the voltage and temperature of the panel. For computing the solar radiation different inputs such as monthly average global radiation, regression constant, extraterrestrial solar radiation, declination angle, latitude angle etc. were noted. When these inputs are given to the written program then it will automatically give the total possible energy production through the solar radiation. We use organic solar cells has low production costs in high volumes. Combined with the flexibility of organic molecules, organic solar cells are potentially cost-effective for photovoltaic applications. Thus, it costs approximately five times as much for electricity from solar cells. If the cost of producing solar cells could be reduced by a factor of 10, solar energy would be not only environmentally favorable, but also economically favorable.
Keywords: Organic Solar Cell, C++ programming, Solar radiation, Declination angle, Photovoltaic cell.
Keywords: Organic Solar Cell, C++ programming, Solar radiation, Declination angle, Photovoltaic cell.
Abstract
Improvement of Transient Stability in a Three-Machine Power System by using Neuro-Fuzzy Controller
Ansar Shaik Satuluru, G. Gurumurthy
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3708
Abstract: In this article, computationally simple and accurate expert system, i.e., neuro-fuzzy system based on the artificial neural network (ANN) is applied to design a static synchronous series compensator (SSSC)-based controller for improvement of transient stability in a three-machine power system. The proposed neuro-fuzzy controller combines the advantages of fuzzy controller as well as quick response and adaptability nature of ANN. The neuro-fuzzy structures were trained using the generated database of fuzzy controller for SSSC. The results prove that the proposed SSSC-based neuro-fuzzy controller is found to be robust to fault location and change in operating conditions. A thorough comparison with the conventional lead-lag controller is carried out, taking into account the results of previous publications. The SSSC-based neuro-fuzzy controller output provides promising results in terms of accuracy and computation time. Finally, conclusions are duly drawn.
Keywords: Artificial neural network (ANN); ,multi-machine power system; neuro-fuzzy controller; static synchronous series compensator (SSSC); transient stability.
Keywords: Artificial neural network (ANN); ,multi-machine power system; neuro-fuzzy controller; static synchronous series compensator (SSSC); transient stability.
Abstract
RF based Remote Control for Home Electrical Appliances
N K Kaphungkui
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3709
Abstract: This work presented here is to controlled independent home electrical appliances through RF based remote system. From any place without any line of sight around the house, RF based wireless remote control system can change the state of the electrical appliances either in on state or off state. The controlling circuit is built around RF transmitter and RF Receiver modules which are operating at 434 MHz along with encoder IC HT12E and decoder IC HT12D with few passive components. The four different channels at the encoder are used as input switches and the four channels at the decoder output are connected to the appliances through a relay. Here the transmission technique is amplitude shift keying (ASK) and the circuit is powered with 9 V. The main objective of this work is to build the circuit without any programming skill and to make it work without line of sight requirement using the RF technology.
Keywords: IC HT12E, IC HT12D, RF transmitter, RF receiver, relay, ASK.
Keywords: IC HT12E, IC HT12D, RF transmitter, RF receiver, relay, ASK.
Abstract
Performance of Circular Patch Antenna for Different Substrate Materials using HFSS
Avinash S.D.V.N, Bhagyasri N, Dileep P, Nikhitha P, Phaneendra k, Sruthi B, Anusha L.V.S, Siddaiah P
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3710
Abstract: Due to the existence of growth in development of low cost, less weight, highly reliable, minimal profile antennas for wireless devices, it poses a new challenge for the design of antenna in wireless communications. This paper presents designs and simulations of a circular micro strip patch antenna at 14 GHz for wireless communications that provides a radiation pattern and achieves different gains for different substrate materials. The circular micro strip patch antenna was analysed using Ansys HFSS and also made a comparision among the different substrates which shows different results based on same parameters.
Keywords: Microstrip patch antenna, Frequency, Gain, Beamwidth, HFSS, Wireless communication.
Keywords: Microstrip patch antenna, Frequency, Gain, Beamwidth, HFSS, Wireless communication.
Abstract
Interphase ac-ac Converter Topology for DVR to Mitigate Voltage Sags
M Sree Harsha, B S Mahmed Shaheer, A. Venkateshwar Reddy
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3711
Abstract: The most common and serious power quality problem is voltage sag and causes more economic losses. The definite solution for voltage related power quality problems is DVR. The conventional topologies operate with a dc link which imposes limits on the compensation capability of the DVR. This paper analyzes the characteristics of voltage dips in power systems with special emphasis on symmetrical components analysis and unbalanced dips with an ac-ac converter topology to mitigate voltage sags. These topologies require instantaneous voltages at the point of common coupling. A generalized dip model is built for all unbalanced dips, taking into account the fault types and load connections. Detailed simulations to support the same have been carried out in MATLAB, and the results are presented.
Keywords: Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), voltage dips, power quality, instantaneous symmetrical components.
Keywords: Dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), voltage dips, power quality, instantaneous symmetrical components.
Abstract
Controlling of Fast dynamic DC/DC Buck Converter
P. Deepak Reddy, Dr.Basavaraja Banakara
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3712
Abstract: This paper presents, linear peak current mode controller for the control of DC/DC buck converter is designed and analyzed. Dynamic equations describing the buck converter are derived and linear peak current mode controller is designed. The buck converter, the voltage mode and current mode controller are modeled and are evaluated by computer simulations. The proposed technique has the advantages of reduced inductor current ripple, which in turn makes the DC load voltage to be stable and faster dynamic response. DC/DC buck Converter modeling, analysis, design criteria and Simulation results are presented. Simulation is done by using mathematical model of buck converter in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment.
Keywords: DC/DC Buck converter; voltage mode control (VMC); Current mode control (CMC); Linear peak current mode control (LPCMC);
Keywords: DC/DC Buck converter; voltage mode control (VMC); Current mode control (CMC); Linear peak current mode control (LPCMC);
Abstract
Fixed Frequency Sliding Mode Controller for Direct Driven Wind Energy Conversion System
K.Rama Lingeswara Prasad, Dr.K.Chandra Sekhar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3713
Abstract: This paper presents a simple control strategy for a direct driven PMSG wind energy power system (WECS). The dc link voltage is controlled by the generator side converter by using Fixed frequency sliding mode control (FFSMC). The Grid side converter (GSC) controls the grid active power for maximum power point tracking. The validity of the proposed control scheme has been verified by simulation. The merits of the proposed control scheme are, it does not require the measurement of wind velocity,good dynamic response of DC link voltage, PMSG stator currents are sinusoidal and power injected into the grid at unity power factor. Modeling of Wind turbine, PMSG, controlling of generator side switch mode converter, controlling of GSC and Simulation results are presented. Simulation is done in MATLAB/POWERSYSTEM environment.
Keywords: Variable-speed wind turbine, PMSG, FFSMC, DC link voltage, GSC.
Keywords: Variable-speed wind turbine, PMSG, FFSMC, DC link voltage, GSC.
Abstract
Comparison of Control Strategies for Shunt Active Power Filter under Different Load Conditions
Sanjay C. Patel, Tushar A. Patel
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3714
Abstract: Harmonic injection in supply current is most common problem arising in supply network because of the increased population of nonlinear loads. This paper present a comparative study between two different control strategies to determine the compensating currents for a three phase three wire Shunt Active Power Filter(SAPF). The first strategy is based on the instantaneous real and imaginary powers theory known as p-q theory, the second is Generalized Instanteneous Power Theory(GIPT). The two control strategies are applied to a three-wire shunt active power filter for eliminating load current harmonics, reactive power compensation and load balancing. The validity of the proposed control scheme is verified by the simulation study.
Keywords: Active Power, Harmonic Elimination, Non-linear load, Load Balancing.
Keywords: Active Power, Harmonic Elimination, Non-linear load, Load Balancing.
Abstract
Stability Analysis and Delay-dependent robust load frequency control for time delay power systems
T.Swetha, K.Dinesh Kumar Reddy, A.Venkateswara Reddy
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3715
Abstract: Traditionally, frequency regulation in power system is achieved by balancing generation and demand through load following, i.e., spinning reserve and non-spinning reserves. In such cases, energy storage and responsive loads show great promise for balancing generation and demand. This paper investigates delay-dependent stability of load frequency control (LFC) emphasizing on multi-area and deregulated environment. Based on lyapnov theory and the linear matrix inequality technique, a new stability criterion is proposed to improve calculation accuracy and to reduce computation time, which makes it be suitable for handling with multi-area LFC schemes. The interaction of delay margins between delay margins and control gains are investigated in details. Case studies are carried out based on two-area traditional, two-area and three-area deregulated LFC schemes, all equipped with PID-type controllers, respectively. The main objective of this paper is to proposing an improved stability criterion with higher accuracy and less computation time to determine delay margins of multi-area LFC schemes and to reveal the interaction effects between different areas. The presented principles and controls have been verified by MATLAB simulation techniques.
Keywords: Delay margin, deregulated environment, feedback signals, Communication network, LFC, Propagation delay, Multi area.
Keywords: Delay margin, deregulated environment, feedback signals, Communication network, LFC, Propagation delay, Multi area.
Abstract
Analysis of Stability and Sensitivity of LFC-DR Model for Single Area Power System
I.Supraja, N G V. Satya kumar, A. Venkateswara Reddy, Karanam Shobharani
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3716
Abstract: Demand Response (DR) is becoming an integral part in the power system and market operations. Much research work is going on the impact of demand response on power system dynamic performance, especially on load frequency control (LFC) problem. The effect of communication delay and optimal operation through optimal power sharing between DR and supplementary control is considered in controller design. The objective of this paper is to fill this gap by introducing a DR control loop to the conventional LFC model single area power system. The addition of the DR control loop increases the stability margin of the system and DR effectively improves the system dynamic performance. The proposed method simulation studies are carried out for a single area power system to verify its effectiveness.
Keywords: Demand response (DR), load frequency control, single area power system, steady state error, sensitivity, stability.
Keywords: Demand response (DR), load frequency control, single area power system, steady state error, sensitivity, stability.
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence in Power Station
Reshmi Banerjee
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3717
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is the science of automating intelligent behaviours currently achievable by humans. Power system has grown tremendously over a few decades. As the size and complexity of the power system consisting of generators, transmission lines, power transformers, distribution transformers etc. increases the possibility of inviting faults. The acquisition of data, the processing of those data for use by the operator, and control of remote devices are the fundamental building blocks of all modern utility control systems. Manual calculations, technical analysis and conclusions initially adopted the power system design, operation and control. As the power system grew it become more complex due to the technical advancements, variety and dynamic requirements.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Expert system, Artificial neural network, Fuzzy logic, Power station.
Keywords: Artificial intelligence, Expert system, Artificial neural network, Fuzzy logic, Power station.
Abstract
Design and Analysis of End- Coupler, Half Wavelength Resonator Microstrip Line Band Pass Filter
Kavya Gupta, Navita Singh, Arun Kumar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3718
Abstract: There is an increasing demand for microwave system in modern communication system due to low cost, compact size and high accuracy. In this paper, design and synthesis of the fifth order end-coupler microstrip line band pass filter has been describe by method of moments, where FR4 material is used with dielectric constant 4.4 at 6GHz frequency. The analytic result obtained through IE3D software and thoroughly discussed.
Keywords: Band Pass Filter, Microstrip, L-C element,Microwave Filter, End-Coupler Configuration.
Keywords: Band Pass Filter, Microstrip, L-C element,Microwave Filter, End-Coupler Configuration.
Abstract
Comparative Performance Analysis of M-ARY PSK Based Modulation Technique under AWGN Channel using Simulink
Aakash Agrawal, Mr J S Yadav
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3719
Abstract: The main objective of the Digital Communication System is to receive data at receiver side as similar as the data sent from the transmitter. To view the system's performance it is important to analyze the system in term of probability of error or bit error rate. In this paper mathematical and simulink curve of BER performances is compared for Gaussian channel for M-ARY PSK. The main objective of this paper is to analysis how much improvements of BER is occurred using M-ARY PSK for Gaussian channel . In order to choose the most suitable modulation for getting better performance several criteria such as power efficiency, bandwidth efficiency, and bit error rate are used for analysis. This paper focuses on error performance of different order of phase modulation schemes in gaussian channel and compare mathematical analysis with simulink analysis.
Keywords: Additive white Gaussian noise, Bit error rate, Gaussian channel, Phase shift keying, Signal to Noise ratio.
Keywords: Additive white Gaussian noise, Bit error rate, Gaussian channel, Phase shift keying, Signal to Noise ratio.
Abstract
A review on multiple Watermarking techniques in digital photography for Image authentication and encryption
Mukesh Kumar Tripathi, Pradeep Kumar Nathaney, Vinith Chauhan
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3720
Abstract: A digital watermark is an invisible signature embedded inside an image to show authenticity and ownership. To avoid obstruction of the original image effective digital watermark must be perceptually imperceptible. It should be statistically invisible to prevent detection, and it should also be robust to many image manipulations, such as filtering, additive noise, and compression. Digital watermarking has been invented and researched as a novel, unconventional method to implement the logical possessions privileges and defend digital media from tampering. It consists of a process of embedding into a mass signal a perceptually visible digital signature, message communication. In the proposed watermarking system, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) is used for embedding watermarks and watermark is generated from the content of the original image and, as it is aclearanalysis technique for evaluatingtime- frequency, which can be well improved for extracting the information pleased of the image.
Keywords: Digital Watermarking, Amold Transform, Transparent Digital Signature, Discrete wavelet transforms (DWT)
Keywords: Digital Watermarking, Amold Transform, Transparent Digital Signature, Discrete wavelet transforms (DWT)
Abstract
A Fuzzy Based Routing Strategy for Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET)
Preeti singh, Vivek kukreja, Preeti Arora, Prince Hooda
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3721
Abstract: Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is an autonomous system of mobile hosts connected by wireless links. MANET can be formed without any preexisting infrastructure. It follows dynamic topology where nodes may join and leave the network at any time and the multi-hop routing may keep changing as nodes join and depart from the network. This paper proposes a fuzzy based routing protocol for MANETS that considers the following parameters as inputs: Hop count and Total Transmission power, data size and highest node speed. On the basis of the outputs of Fuzzy modules an optimal path is proposed. The proposed protocol is implemented in MATLAB-7.0 and our result also shows that our proposed protocol is better than other standard protocols such as shortest path routing and MTPR (Minimum transmission power routings).
Keywords: FLC, Routing, Nodespeed.
Keywords: FLC, Routing, Nodespeed.
Abstract
Ripple Reduction of BLDC using Direct Torque Control
D. Sivaraj, R.Goutham Govind Raju, S.Anandakumar, L.Selvakumar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3722
Abstract: Brushless DC motor has a rotor with permanent magnet and has no mechanical commutator which leads to many advantages like less maintenance, long life, high reliability, low inertia, low friction and low noise. Since the brush system/commutator assembly is replaced by an electronic controller which can be easily integrated into other required electronics, thereby improving the effective power to weight and power to volume ratio. To minimize the torque ripple using conventional current controller and the direct torque controller in BLDC motor using SIMULINK and to verify the results by simulation. . In this paper the direct torque control method is employed to improve its torque ripple content which is been compared with conventional method by using MATLAB software and the result where comprehensively presented through extensive simulations which shows successfully mitigating almost 50% of ripple.
Keywords: DTC, BLDC, ripple, Hall Effect, current controller.
Keywords: DTC, BLDC, ripple, Hall Effect, current controller.
Abstract
A novel approach of Image steganography-hiding the confidential data into an image
Preeti Singh, Dinesh kumar Dhaka
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3723
Abstract: The paper proposed a new steganographyembedding and extraction system that uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technique. DSSS is used to enhance the robustness and security of the system. Enhancement has been accomplished in strength on the cost of decreasing the capability of hiding. The noiselessness of the image steganography embedding and extracted is assessed by using peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).
This steganography plan manages the extraction of the hide data without unique picture; consequently the visually impaired plan was acquired. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Similarity Ratio (SR) are figured to measure picture quality. Likewise, the competency of the proposed technique is checked under normal picture preparing operations and a relative study is made against the previous technique .MATLAB R2012a has been used as an implementation platform.
Keywords: Image steganography, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Similarity Ratio (SR), Image quality.
This steganography plan manages the extraction of the hide data without unique picture; consequently the visually impaired plan was acquired. Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Similarity Ratio (SR) are figured to measure picture quality. Likewise, the competency of the proposed technique is checked under normal picture preparing operations and a relative study is made against the previous technique .MATLAB R2012a has been used as an implementation platform.
Keywords: Image steganography, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Similarity Ratio (SR), Image quality.
Abstract
Detection of Potentially Suspicious Person on Real-Time Basis Using Embedded Platform
Sai Prabhu K.B, Seema Sreekumar
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3724
Abstract: Embedded systems have occupied humans in all aspects of their day to day activities. The best suitable example which clearly justifies the above statement is the mobile phones. Why these mobile phones have become as addictive as drugs is due to the world wide connectivity using a most powerful tool called as the Internet. If we are able to use this technology in a progressive way for the welfare and well-being of the society, then we can create any kind of miracles. The Image and Video sharing part is playing a major role in this Internet era. So using this latest trend, this project has been implemented in reference to the above mentioned 3 criteria’s which is: The Internet, well-being of society part – as: The Security feature and last part Image & Video sharing. This project is about Detection of Potentially Suspicious Person and streaming the Video and Images of the detected person on Real-Time basis.
Keywords: Raspberry PI, Haar Cascade classifier, Sensors, Face Detection.
Keywords: Raspberry PI, Haar Cascade classifier, Sensors, Face Detection.
Abstract
Performance Analysis of Energy Detection Technique for Cognitive Radio Over Different Fading Channels
Miss. Reena P. Borole, Prof. A. S. Bhide
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3725
Abstract: The rapid growth in wireless communication systems has made the problem of under utilization of spectrum. To solve this problem the concept of cognitive radio (CR) emerged, the main goal of which is to provide adaptability to wireless transmission through dynamic spectrum access (DSA) so that the utilization of the frequency spectrum can be enhanced without losing the benefits associated with spectrum allocation. To sense existence of licensed user, Energy Detection based spectrum sensing technique is used over different wireless fading channels. In the energy detection approach, the radio-frequency (RF) energy in the channel or the received signal strength indicator is measured to determine whether the channel is idle or not. This paper gives the primitive study and performance analysis of energy detection based spectrum sensing technique. Performance is done under three different fading channels i.e. Rayleigh, Nakagami and Rician. Probability of detection and Probability of missed detection vs. probability of false alarm for all different channels has been calculated and also simulation comparison among different wireless fading channels is presented.
Keywords: Cognitive Radio , Energy Detection, Fading Channels, Spectrum Sensing, Pd, Pfa, Pmd, nakagami,rayleigh, rician.
Keywords: Cognitive Radio , Energy Detection, Fading Channels, Spectrum Sensing, Pd, Pfa, Pmd, nakagami,rayleigh, rician.
Abstract
Circularly Polarized Dual Frequency Hexagonal Microstrip Patch Antenna for X-band Applications
Y. Laxmi Lavanya, P.Siddaiah
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3726
Abstract: A low profile Hexagonal microstrip patch antenna is proposed which operates in the X-band and resonates at 9.5GHz. It is observed to be linearly polarized with an axial ratio of 35.03 dB. Without changing the feed mechanism, circular polarization is achieved along with dual frequency operation. By cutting a slot in the hexagonal patch which extends up to edge of the patch, we obtain the resonant frequencies at 9.05 GHz and 10.05 GHz. The axial ratio for this patch antenna is found to be 2.85 dB. Since this value is below 3 dB, the antenna is said to be circularly polarized.
Keywords: Hexagonal Patch, Axial Ratio, Circular Polarization, Linear Polarization.
Keywords: Hexagonal Patch, Axial Ratio, Circular Polarization, Linear Polarization.
Abstract
Spectrum Aware Routing Protocol in Cognitive Radio Network using the concepts of TDMA
Preeti Dubey, Seema Sharma, Dr SPS Saini, Vivek Kukreja
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3727
Abstract: In the advance field of technology, there is a limited spectrum allocation and we need to communicate in each field. So we have cognitive radio network with us to make us able to communicate by using the frequency spectrum of licensed nodes. In Cognitive radio network primary nodes have licensed frequency while secondary nodes do not have. So secondary users need frequency of others nodes to make communication possible. In CRN secondary nodes uses the frequency spectrum of primary nodes.Not only this we have several concepts to make communication between secondary nodes while in this paper we are using spectrum aware routing protocol in cognitive radio network using the concepts of TDMA.
Keywords: Cognitive Radio Network(CRN), Primary User(PU), Secondary User(SU), Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA), Transition Characteristic, Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)
Keywords: Cognitive Radio Network(CRN), Primary User(PU), Secondary User(SU), Time Division Multiple Access(TDMA), Transition Characteristic, Mobile Ad-hoc Network(MANET)
Abstract
A Comparison Study of MPPT Techniques for Solar Photovoltaic System under Varying Atmospheric Condition
Mr. Nandaraja H Shadlageri, Dr. D. Sathyanarayana
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3728
Abstract: The continued environmental pollution are some of the main reasons for their widespread introduction in electrical power systems. This work deals with the design and simulation of a simple but an efficient solar photovoltaic system. The system employs the maximum power point tracker (MPPT). Simulations verify the DC-DC converter design. This work includes theoretical aspects of photovoltaic (PV) cell with equivalent circuit diagrams and equations. MATLAB simulations perform comparative tests of two popular MPPT algorithms, called Perturb and Observe algorithm and Incremental Conductance method using actual solar irradiation data and temperature coefficient data. Under the natural atmospheric condition is considered for data. The design offers lower system cost due to use of fewer sensors on the output sensing, direct control technique. DC motor pump will be modelled by SIMULINK, and then model will be transferred into MATLAB. Then MATLAB simulations verify the system and functionality of MPPT. Simulations also make comparison with the system without MPPT in terms of total energy produced and total volume of water pumped per day. best suited for developing countries like India to fulfil their electric power network in rural areas.
Keywords: MPPT, Irradiation, PV system. P&O
Keywords: MPPT, Irradiation, PV system. P&O
Abstract
Harmonic Mitigation using Hybrid Filters
B.Suresh Kumar, K.Sireesha, B.Rashmi
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3729
Abstract: This project deals with the power quality issues in distribution system caused by harmonics produced due to unbalanced and non linear loads. In recent years the use of non linear load is tremendously increasing which result in production of harmonics in the power system. The harmonics causes adverse effect on end user equipment which results in maloperation of equipment. Therefore it becomes necessary to provide easy and economical system to improve the power quality of the supply. So for eliminating the harmonics, hybrid filters are used. A hybrid filter is combination of series active filter and shunt passive filter. A series active is a power electronics based flexible AC transmission based device which is nothing but a voltage source inverter injecting the voltage in the line and is used to improve the filtering characteristics of the passive filter. In literature, various methods have already been suggested for harmonic mitigation. The study is carried out by three phase dynamic simulation of distribution system component model. The simulation has been carried out using MATLAB which shows the satisfactory performance of the hybrid filter to improve the system dynamics.
Keywords: Harmonics, Series ctive Filter, Shunt Passive Filter, Non Linear Loads, Power Quality.
Keywords: Harmonics, Series ctive Filter, Shunt Passive Filter, Non Linear Loads, Power Quality.
Abstract
Extraction of Respiratory Signal from ECG using Empirical Mode Decomposition
Mayur M Gavali, Prof D.E Upasani
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3730
Abstract: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is widely used for diagnosis of heart diseases. Good quality ECG is utilized by physicians for interpretation and identification of physiological and pathological phenomena. In this paper we reconstruct the waveform of the respiratory signal by processing single-channel ECG. To achieve these goals, techniques of decomposition of the ECG signal into suitable bases of functions are proposed, namely, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) . The simultaneous study of both respiratory signal and ECG (Electrocardiogram) signal leads to indirect monitoring of both the signal and we can derive a respiratory signal from an ECG signal. The results show that algorithms are able to reconstruct the Respiratory waveform, although the EMD is able to break down the original signal in an adaptive manner. The EMD leads to better result.
Keywords: EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition), Electrocardiogram, Respiratory signal, Intrinsic mode functions, Decomposition, Residual, Vector-cardiogram.
Keywords: EMD (Empirical Mode Decomposition), Electrocardiogram, Respiratory signal, Intrinsic mode functions, Decomposition, Residual, Vector-cardiogram.
Abstract
Unified control system in power plant – TCE approach for implementation in Indian context
Mr. K.Jayaprakash, Ms. M.Rukmani
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3731
Abstract: This methodology of Unified controls for a Power plant is conceived by the consultants and EPC contractor to reduce life cycle costs. Our approach is designed in such way to reduce the upfront engineering time also. The engineering is to be integrated from various Utility OEM inputs and practices. This is implemented in few projects and various options are also indicated in the methodology.
Keywords: Unified control system, DCS, Power plants, Utility packages.
Keywords: Unified control system, DCS, Power plants, Utility packages.
Abstract
High-Performance DSP Processors for Intelligence Applications
Vinni Sharma
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3732
Abstract: Digital signal processors (DSPs) are suitable for a wide variety of computationally intensive real-time applications. This paper describes the architectural features of DSPs for intelligence applications, and the node configuration of the IX-n general purpose neuro-computer, based on the commercially available DSP. DSPs provide high computing power by employing a high level of on-chip parallelism, integrated hardware multipliers, carefully tailored instruction sets, memory organization schemes, hardware support for loop execution, and specific sophisticated addressing modes. High-precisions control and fault-tolerance are achieved by exploiting the high-speed arithmetic, on- chip peripherals, direct memory access (DMA) controllers, multiprocessor support and bit manipulation capabilities of DSPs. Fast multiply/ accumulate time, integrated on-chip random access memory (RAM), large address space, high precision and multiprocessor support are necessary for efficient virtual implementation of neural networks. DSP architectural features make them applicable to both symbolic and connectionist AI models.
Keywords: DSP, Artificial intelligence, Neural network, CISC microprocessor, DSP architecture, FFT butterfly.
Keywords: DSP, Artificial intelligence, Neural network, CISC microprocessor, DSP architecture, FFT butterfly.
Abstract
Security System Design Based on Human Face Detection and Recognition on Android Platform
Sheshmal S. Shingne, V. Krishnamurthy
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3733
Abstract: There are various electronic security systems available, based on human motion sensing, biometric features sensing, code or password identifications etc. In this system human face detection and recognition is used for opening and closing the doors, by means of switching ON and OFF of relays. By relays the various motors can be operated to door movement. The system is developed on android platform i.e. an android OS is installed on hardware and an android app is running on android OS. The hardware platform is ARM11 based development board. In this system the human face is detected and then recognized with faces present in the database of system. For face detection „Haar feature-based cascade classifiers‟ algorithm is used. And for face recognition “Principal Component Analysis” (PCA) algorithm is used. For both algorithms OpenCV and JavaCV libraries are used. Application is developed in JAVA in eclipse IDE . For actuation relays the Atmega AVR microcontroller is used. The ARM11 board gives the command to the AVR microcontroller via RS232 comm. Protocol.
Keywords: Face Detection, Face Recognition, Android OS, ARM11, Haar Features based cascade classifier, Principal Component Analysis(PCA), AVR, Atmega8, OpenCV, JavaCV, Eclipse IDE, JAVA, JDK, android plugins, NDK plugins.
Keywords: Face Detection, Face Recognition, Android OS, ARM11, Haar Features based cascade classifier, Principal Component Analysis(PCA), AVR, Atmega8, OpenCV, JavaCV, Eclipse IDE, JAVA, JDK, android plugins, NDK plugins.
Abstract
Implementation of Sinusoidal PWM Technique for direct AC-AC Matrix Converter using Matlab
Gholam Reza Yarahmadi, Peyman Mirzaei Pour
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3734
Abstract: The matrix converters is a new single stage generation of the direct power converter AC/AC and can contribute to the realization of low volume, sinusoidal input current, bidirectional power flow and lack of bulky reactive elements Due to all these reasons, recently a lot of research has been picked up in the field of matrix converters. And the performance of this converter varies based on the control technique and the different topologies. So the main objective of this paper is to simulate and analyse the performance of matrix converter based on the different topologies i.e. single phase matrix converter, three phase to single phase matrix converter and three phase to three phase matrix converters using sinusoidal PWM technique. The simulation is carried out using Matlab and the results of switching sequence and the output voltage waveforms are presented in this paper.
Keywords: AC-AC conversion, Matrix Converter, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
Keywords: AC-AC conversion, Matrix Converter, Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
Abstract
Implementation of Area, Delay and Power Efficient Carry-Select Adder
Priya H. Agrawal, Prashant R. Rothe
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3735
Abstract: Carry Select Adder (CSLA) is one of the fastest adder which performs fast arithmetic functions in many data processing processors. A conventional CSLA has less carry propagation delay (CPD) than ripple carry adder (RCA). Carry select adder provide compromise between RCA and carry look ahead adder.
For the CSLA new logic is proposed by reducing redundant logic operations present in conventional CSLA. In the proposed scheme the carry select (CS) operation is schedule before calculation of final sum. This is different approach from the conventional. Two carry words (cin = 0 and 1) bit patterns and fixed cin bits is use for generation units and CS logic optimization. Final sum and carry is calculated by using pipelining structure. The proposed work is carried out using Modelsim SE 6.3f and Quatus2 software.
Keywords: Adder, arithmetic unit, low power, CSLA, RCA, low delay, area efficient.
For the CSLA new logic is proposed by reducing redundant logic operations present in conventional CSLA. In the proposed scheme the carry select (CS) operation is schedule before calculation of final sum. This is different approach from the conventional. Two carry words (cin = 0 and 1) bit patterns and fixed cin bits is use for generation units and CS logic optimization. Final sum and carry is calculated by using pipelining structure. The proposed work is carried out using Modelsim SE 6.3f and Quatus2 software.
Keywords: Adder, arithmetic unit, low power, CSLA, RCA, low delay, area efficient.
Abstract
Control Industrial Application using Multi-Microcontroller Communication
Surendra Kumar Daiya, Rakesh Khandelwal, Rajni Jainwal, Manmohan Singh Chandoliya
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3736
Abstract: In recent years, multiprocessor designs have converged towards unified hardware architecture despite supporting different communication abstractions. Some recent designs have employed a programmable controller to manage system communication. The Master/Slave pattern is most commonly used when responding to user interface controls while displaying data simultaneously. Master/slave is model of communication where one device or process has unidirectional control over one or more other devices. In some systems a master is elected from a group of eligible devices, with the other devices acting in the role of slaves. We have developed a Master Slave Communication using three microcontroller AT89S52 which communicates through RS 232 serial bus. There are three units; first unit is a Master controller Circuit which controls different parameters; second unit is a Sensing unit which acts as a slave and third unit is another slave which is a display system.
Keywords: AT89S52, Master Controller Circuit, Salve circuit , RS-232 protocol.
Keywords: AT89S52, Master Controller Circuit, Salve circuit , RS-232 protocol.
Abstract
Queuing Disciplines for VoIP and High Resolution Video Application Services Using OPNET Tool
D.Thiyaharajan, Suresh. R, K.Balasundaram
DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2015.3737
Abstract: The Internet has now turned into such a significant communications that is able of distribution information within a very short time and easy to access. It is considered as community networks that provide reasonable WAN services to most customers. Applications such as video conferencing and VoIP are the example of typical network applications supported by the Internet Protocol. A variety of queuing disciplines be able to be used to manage packet transmission based on the accessible bandwidth. When congestion occurs, some of the packets will be dropped (buffer space) accordingly. The queuing technique requires to be used in every router to control the transmission of packets. This paper presents a comparative study and the effect of different type of queuing techniques such as FIFO (first in first out), PQ (Priority Queuing), and WFQ (Weight Fair Queuing) on network application such as high Resolution video conference, VoIP(Voice over IP).
Keywords: High Resolution Video Conference, VOIP, FIFO, PQ, WFQ
Keywords: High Resolution Video Conference, VOIP, FIFO, PQ, WFQ