Abstract: The load variation in the power system is unpredictable which cause the drift in frequency, voltage to change from their nominal value resulting loss of generation and even blackout. So an approach has been undertaken for investigating the automatic generation control considering three equal area power systems at the first instant. In the present work, a proportional derivative controller with derivative filter (PIDF) is proposed and the gain values of the proposed controller are tuned using Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm. The superiority of the proposed controller is demonstrated by comparing the results with Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller. In the next step, proposed approach is extended to three unequal area reheat thermal power systems considering nonlinearities like Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and Governor Dead Band (GDB). Further, Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) is placed in the tie-line to improve the dynamic response of the system based on integral time multiplied absolute error (ITAE), settling times and peak over shoot. Furthermore, Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) is incorporated in area-1 for further improvement in responses of the system. From the results, it is clear that the combination of UPFC and SMES provides better results.
Keywords: PIDF, DE, GRC, GDB, PID, UPFC, SMES, ITAE.
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