Abstract: This paper presents a simple and efficient digital relay protection system designed for generator transformers using a microcontroller. Generator transformers play a key role in power systems and are continuously exposed to electrical faults such as overcurrent, short circuit, and earth faults. Traditional protection methods are often slow and require manual supervision. To overcome these issues, a microcontroller-based system is developed to monitor electrical parameters and detect faults quickly.

The proposed system uses sensors to measure current and voltage values, which are processed by the microcontroller. When abnormal conditions are detected, the relay is activated automatically to isolate the faulty section and protect the equipment. The system is designed to be fast, reliable, and easy to implement. Experimental results show that the system responds quickly and improves the safety of the transformer. This method can be further enhanced by integrating advanced technologies for smart monitoring.

Keywords: Digital Relay, Generator Transformer, Microcontroller, Fault Detection, Protection System

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2026.14520