Abstract: Future Electrical vehicles (EV) are widely praised for their environmental benefits, superior efficiency, and enhanced driving experience compare to conventional internal combustion engine (IC) vehicles. They represent a significant stepping sustainable transportation, though they still phase challenges related to initial cost and infrastructure. BMS systems will not only extend the battery life and promote safe operation, but also incorporate two new functionalities: the capability to optimize scheduling and utilization lifetime, and the ability to detect and diagnose anomalies early to enable predictive maintenance and minimize downtime. Furthermore, BMS development and deployment for hybrid energy storage and end-of-life equipment repurposing are key enablers for achieving the broad adoption of electric vehicles and the accelerated integration of renewable energy into the electrical grid.

Keywords Battery Management System, Electric Vehicles, Hybrid Charging, Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, Machine Learning, Datasets.

Downloads: | DOI: 10.17148/IJIREEICE.2025.131207